In the response phase the most important step is to assess disaster after occurrence. By disaster Assessment, we can obtain all the needed information for controlling, decision-making and also disaster planning. Lack of disaster Assessment causes you to make unsuitable decisions based on limited or inadequate data which leads to imperfect disaster response. According to IFRC, disaster response operation will have an unsuitable function without disaster Assessment. This paper presents the principles and concepts of disaster Assessment.

Introduction: From a long time ago, benefiting from Technology has been an inevitable thing for human interests, which is born and based on science. It can be claimed that there is harmony between ethics, science and Technology, which promote each other. In this article, the researcher discusses this harmony and compatibility. Material and Methods: The current review study was descriptive and using the study of sources and research keywords among the books and articles published in the databases of Thomson Information Institute, Science Direct and Pub Med. Conclusion: As science and Technology continue to advance and become more integrated into our daily lives, ethical considerations become increasingly important. For example, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has raised questions about the potential implications of creating machines that can make autonomous decisions and take actions. If science and Technology were considered as a tool, it should have been able to subjugate humans and influence all aspects of behavior and values. While it has become a problem that eventually becomes aligned with morality by applying reason, and people now seek help from it as a tool.

Health Technology Assessment (HTA) a multidisciplinary process that information about medical, social, economic and ethical issues from use of health technologies summarize in a systematic, transparent, unbiased and robust way. It Aimed to create awareness and provide information to formulate proper and effective health policies, that be patient-centered and seeks to achieve best value. The Assessment of ethical aspects of health Technology as one of the objectives of the HTA is considered. In practice integrating this aspect to the process are still limited. This integration can lead to improved communication between HTA and health policy in both developed and developing countries. Hence, this paper has focused on several points: the concept of HTA, relationship between HTA and ethics, ethical issues in HTA, ethical analysis and the methods used for integrating ethical analysis in HTA.

Decision making on wise investment on Science and Technology plays a vital role in developing countries, which owing to restricted resources from one hand, and high expenses on Research and Development, from the other, makes it of prime importance.Thus, Technology Assessment has attracted most attentions and a new look as a tool in decision making among the policy makers. Assessment of new Technologies, namely NanoTechnology, BioTechnology and Information Technology is based on new methods. These methods are derived from other scientific disciplines and must, therefore, be modified in order to be operational.In this article, a review on Technology Assessment schemes is presented. Road mapping as an appropriate tool for Technology Assessment of new technologies is then introduced and evaluated.

Context: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a medical imaging Technology with various dental applications and diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial lesions. The current study mainly aimed at updating the safety and efficacy of CBCT Technology. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic review study of available evidence of CBCT Technology. Since the time searching in the previous report was up to December 2010, electronic databases including Cochrane Library and Scopus were searched from January 2011 to June 2014. In the first step, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, title, abstract, and full-text of articles were reviewed by two independent reviewers. In some cases, the full-texts of articles were not available,therefore, the authors of the articles were contacted and the full-texts were obtained. Also, non-English language articles were excluded from the study. The same design of the previous report was employed to extract data and information of the included articles. Due to the heterogeneity in studies, the qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to report the results. Results: After removing duplicates, a total of 876 articles were included in the study. Finally, 23 studies reached the final analysis stage. In terms of quality, 13 articles were of average quality and 10 articles had good quality. Most of the studies were related to Iran (n = 5), Brazil (n = 4), Germany (n = 3), Britain, USA, Netherlands (n = 2), and Turkey, China, India, and Switzerland (n = 1). The included studies were conducted in 2011 (n = 8), 2012 (n = 6), 2013 (n = 5), and 2014 (n = 4). Totally, 1806 samples were reviewed in all the included studies. The most important reported results included sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values, and area under the curve,86. 3% of the studies reported sensitivity and specificity (n = 19), accuracy (n = 8), and area under the curve (n = 8). Positive and negative predictive values were 36. 3% and 27. 2%, respectively. Conclusions: CBCT is a highly sensitive imaging tool for the diagnosis of various oral lesions. However, due to the limited number of clinical trials and the lack of evidence, further studies are needed to obtain more conclusive results.

Health-care service provision and procurement is increasingly subject to policy decisions, managed more than ever before. Becoming more international, collaboration is increasing as the health professions, research and industry all work across borders. Differing health-care systems across the countries result from national and regional policy developments and priorities.In health-care, all interventions and procedures are basically technologies-including radiology and sur-gery, and Technology Assessment is mandatory to meet the national and professional goals in this sec-tor. Health-care Technology Assessment (HTA) is a systematic, broad-ranging evaluation of the implications of using technologies within a particular health-care system. Structured and evidence-based input are its aim for policymaking in order to inform the formulation of safe and effective health policies that are patient-focused and seek to achieve the best value in all health-care sectors, more specifically in the radiology department. The following headlines are the topics in our study:Decisions Related to Health TechnologiesAppraisal Entities and Corresponding As-sessment UnitsAssessment, Appraisal and Decision-Making InstitutionsHTA Agencies and Units in RadiologyModel of a Policy Process in RadiologyFactors that Influence Radiology Policy-MakingHTA ProcessDifferent Levels of Health-Care Technolo-gies/Intervention

The purpose of the research was to identify approaches to Technology Assessment (TA) and challenges of conducting TA and its areas. This applied research adopted a descriptive-analytical and meta-synthesis approach. First, the available literature on TA was studied and analyzed. Then, 10 international organizations of TA were carefully studied in terms of aims and approaches as well as important research areas. The data were gathered by referring to websites, analyzing news, research projects, etc. Having investigated the areas on which these organizations conduct TA, 171 areas were identified. Then, based on the information collected, a questionnaire was developed. As many as 31 experts completed the questionnaire. The analysis of the questionnaires indicated that conducting inter-disciplinary research, inter-organizational cooperation, drafting laws and regulations, establishing an independent institution are all necessary for TA. An appropriate method for TA should be comprehensive and help us achieve our goals. Participatory methods and Delphi method are the best methods used for TA. Political and organizational issues, economic issues, and social issues were the most important areas needing attention for TA. Furthermore, “field study” is the best method for identifying and analyzing the views of the general public on technologies. Social acceptance of Technology, its opposition with customs and traditions, and its influence on people’s health, security, and privacy should be taken into account as well. Based on experts’ views, the areas needing the most urgent attention for Iran included air pollution, energy policies, artificial intelligence, smart networks of energy, cyber security, and social media.